Famous Psychologist Essay Example for Free

Famous Psychologist Essay Throughout psychologys relatively brief history, there have been many famous psychologists who have left their mark both on psychology and on the world at large. While some of these individuals do not necessarily fit todays definition of a psychologist, a term which indicates a doctoral-level degree in psychology, their influence on psychology is without question. Learn more about psychologists by browsing through this list of some of the most famous thinkers in psychology history. Alfred Adler Public Domain Alfred Adler is known as one of the most influential thinkers in psychology. While he was initially a member of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society, Adler eventually departed from Freuds theories and developed his own perspective, which he called Individual Psychology. He had a strong influence on a number of other eminent psychologists, including Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow and Karen Horney. Mary Ainsworth Mary Ainsworth was a psychologist best known for her research on attachment theory and the development of the strange situation assessment. Her work played an important role in our understanding of child development and has influenced other fields including education. Gordon Allport Gordon Allport was a psychologist perhaps best-known as one of the founding figures of personality psychology. He also developed a trait theory of personality that described three broad categories of personality traits. Solomon Asch Solomon Asch was a pioneering social psychologist. His famous conformity experiments demonstrated that people will claim that something is correct when it obviously is not due to social pressure from peers. Asch also had an important influence on psychologist Stanley Milgram, whose own obedience experiments were inspired by Aschs work. Albert Bandura Albert Bandura is a psychologist known for his famous Bobo doll experiment as well as his concepts of self-efficacy and social learning. Bandura’s work is considered part of the cognitive revolution in psychology that began in the late 1960s. His theories have had tremendous impact on personality psychology, cognitive psychology, education, and therapy. Alfred Binet Public Domain Alfred Binet was a French psychologist famous for his development of the first widely used intelligence test. He is often described as one of the most influential thinkers in psychology history and his original test still serves as the basis for modern measures of intelligence. Mary Whiton Calkins Mary Whiton Calkins was the first female president of the American Psychological Association. She studied at Harvard with famous teachers including William James and Hugo Munsterberg. Despite completing all of the requirements for a doctorate degree in psychology, Harvard refused to grant her degree simply because she was a woman. James McKeen Cattell Image courtesy Library of Congress James McKeen Cattell was the first U.S. psychology professor. He is an important figure in psychology thanks to his work in intelligence, his use of quantitative methods and his focus on establishing psychology as a legitimate science. Raymond Cattell Image from Wikimedia Commons Raymond Cattell was a pioneering thinker who is perhaps best known for his use of multivariate analysis and his 16-factor personality model. Mamie Phipps Clark Mamie Phipps Clark was a pioneering psychologist known for her important research on child development and self-concept among minorities. As the first black woman to graduate from Columbia University, she faced discrimination because of her race and her gender. Her research with her husband, Kenneth Clark, played a major role in the Supreme Courts decision in the pivotal Brown vs. Board of Education case. Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi Hes an important contemporary psychologist, but one of your first questions is probably How do you pronounce his name? (Its me-HIGH chick-sent-me-HIGH-ee, by the way.) Learn more about his work and contributions to modern psychology in this brief biography. John Dewey Image courtesy Wikimedia Commons John Dewey was an American psychologist, philosopher, writer and educational theorist. His work had a vital influence on psychology, education and philosophy and he is often considered one of the greatest thinkers of the 20th-century. His emphasis on progressive education has contributed greatly to the use of experimentation rather than an authoritarian approach to knowledge. Erik Erikson Public Domain Erik Eriksons well-known stage theory of psychosocial development helped generate interest and inspire research on human development through the lifespan. An ego psychologist who studied with Anna Freud, Erikson expanded psychoanalytic theory by exploring development throughout the full lifespan, including events of childhood, adulthood and old age. Hans Eysenck Image from the Wikimedia Commons / Sirswindon at en.wikipedia Hans Eyesenck was a very prolific psychologist, publishing more than 75 books and 1600 journal articles. Prior to his death in 1997, he was the living psychologist most frequently cited in scientific books and journal articles. He was also a very controversial figure, and his outspoken views of subjects ranging from psychotherapy to intelligence made him the subject of criticism. Leon Festinger Leon Festinger was an influential social psychologist who is well-known for his theory of cognitive dissonance as well as his social comparison theory. Anna Freud Anna Freud began her career influenced by the theories of her father, Sigmund Freud. Far from living in her fathers shadow, Anna made important contributions of her own to psychology. She founded child psychoanalysis and summarized the egos defense mechanisms in her book The Ego and the Mechanisms of Defense (1936). Sigmund Freud Public Domain Sigmund Freud may be one of the best known figures in history, but he is also one of the most controversial. He was the founder of the school of thought known as psychoanalysis. The legacy of his life and work provokes both impassioned acclaim from his supporters and disdain from his detractors. While some view him as a cultural icon and others see him as a pseudo-scientific charlatan, there is no question that Freud left an indelible mark on psychology as well as other disciplines. Erich Fromm Liss Goldring / Erich Fromm Estate Erich Fromm was a neo-Freudian psychoanalyst who had a major influence on humanistic psychology. Today Fromm is remembered for his concept of freedom as a fundamental component of human nature.

John Q. Adams :: essays research papers

John Quinsy Adams was born in Braintree Massachusetts. His other, Abigail Smith Adams and his father, John Adams (2nd president of the United States of America) trained John Quinsy very well. At ten years old John Q. traveled with his father on diplomat missions to Europe. He learned French fluently there in a private school at Paris. After Studying French in Paris Adams studied at the University of Leiden. In 1782 through 1783 he was a secretary and interpreter of the French in Germany. After being a secretary and interpreter in Germany, He traveled to Holland   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  John Q. Adams was very good and smart at languages, history and mathematics. By the end of his school he was a very good and trust worthy lawyer. Adams came particularly to George Washington’s attention because of the articles he published in the newspaper about defending the president’s policies. As a result of this â€Å"† defending for rights† Washington put Adams in the place for a Dutch ministering the Netherlands. After all this, President James Monroe called Adams to become Secretary of State in 1817.As secretary John Q. Adams was pleased with the schools he participated in, in the past years because they paid off.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Adams greatest achievements Secretary of State were the Transcontinental Treaty with Spain. Which was signed on February 22. By this treaty Spain acknowledged east Florida and west Florida to become part of the United States of America.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  John Quinsy Adams may have been the greatest United States Secretary of State. He was not one of the greatest presidents He was really a minority president chosen by the House of Representatives they get the most. Jackson had received the most of the popular votes both at poles and in the state but he lacked a constitutional majority, (which is a major in college) Clay one of the four can dates through all his support in 1824 to Adams in the house in February 1825.After secret conferences between the two electing Adams in the first ballot. Clay had put Adams into the White House in order to become his Secretary of State and successor.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  President Adams believed that the American Revelation had already won liberty, at least for White House people, and that this liberty was guaranteed the constitution of the United Sates of America. His policy was to let there be more national power and to make freedom better for the people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On

Social Networking Sites Have Made It Easier for Everyone to Publicly Express Political Views. Has This Ability Benefited or Challenged Democracy?

Social networking sites have made it easier for everyone to publicly express political views. Has this ability benefited or challenged democracy? In the 21st Century, the new media technologies of for social networking had created a commonplace for people all across the globe to actively participate in discussion of political issues. To date, social networking sites such as Facebook had come up with at least a billion users in 2012 (Vance, 2012). Other popular social networking sites are MySpace, Blogger, YouTube, and Google which people used widely nowadays.With increase to the popularity of social networking sites, users involved in political issues had grown rapidly over the years. These social networking sites put millions of people in constant contact with each other and are tools which many people used to connect with their families and friends and to freely express their political thought which shapes public opinions and improve democratic participation. Everyone can be a jour nalist through these online communication technologies. News travel instanteously and are ubiquitous.I believed that communication freedom is essential for democracy, and the ability to publicly express political views on social networking sites have benefitted democracy. In this essay, I will discuss the term of democracy, state the factors such as freedom of speech and encourage democratic participation in young people and gives examples on democratic practices through online technologies uses. Firstly, to talk about democracy, it is said to be a government that gives the citizens the right to choose who to govern them, and have a say to decide on what will affects their future.There should be free and fair elections and to protect human rights. Democracy requires responsibility and participation of people. I personally think that two key factors of democracy are equality and freedom of speech. Social networking sites is a useful medium for political discussion, education, debate and participation which allow greater freedom of expression, facilitating the citizens to challenge and criticise on political issues, which is a basic democratic right. People would now able to comment on any political issues, or even create political groups forums and campaigns through these social networking sites.The internet can support the organisation of topic oriented pressure groups, protests organisations, and ideological movements (Neumayer, Christina and Celina, 2008). All these improve democratic participation. To promote democracy through social network uses, government becomes transparent and accountable, which works in the people’s favour, and eventually gains trust and empower the citizens. In (Scott, 2010), it is stated that, â€Å"People passionately fight and die for their freedom, and even to gain freedom for others.People want to have and express their individual and collective identities, which may be an even more important concept than freedom itself. They want free from oppression, want justice, and want to engage in collective activity that promotes everyone's wellbeing. Some of these needs have been recognized and formulated into political systems from as early as 5000 years ago in ancient Sumer. Democracy has proven best for obtaining those goals of identity, individual freedom, and collective wellbeing. Another factor is that enabling freely expressing political views on social networks had increased the number of young people actively involving in political issues. Nowadays, the world of communication technologies is the only world young children and youth knows, it is a routine for them to use internet as educational tool, in and out of school (White, Rob and Wyn, 2008). Political issues are seldom discuss or taught in school. Social network hence engages young people, increase youth voter turnout and raise awareness of political issues amongst the youth.Media technologies are an extremely important part of informal learn ing environment. (Greenfield, 2009). This is also another factor which contributes to improving democratic participation. From the findings of Pew Internet and American Life Project, 2012: â€Å"Younger users are more likely to post their own thoughts about issues, post links to political material, encourage others to take political action, belong to a political group on a social networking site, follow elected officials on social media, and like or promote political material others have posted. Lastly, there are a few examples of democratic practices through social networking sites used by political representatives happening in our world. One of them is the United States President, Barack Obama who formed online campaign using social media and technology, as a part of its successful strategy for the presidential election in 2007, to raise money, and more importantly, develop a groundswell of empowered volunteers who felt that they could make a difference (Aaker and Chang, 2009). B ased on the today’s method of teaching, digital immigrant whom need to adapt to the current needs to always be retaining their foot in the past.Likewise for the 2012 presidential election, President Obama makes use of the social media, such as Twitter, Facebook and YouTube and eventually won the election the second time. The second example, is the Singapore Prime Minister, Lee Hsien Loong who had joined Facebook and Twitter in 2012 as an increased effort to engage with younger Singaporeans. He has also asked the people to suggest, share and voice out ideas and thoughts of how to change and reform the country and improving lives. The social networking sites had proven to contribute political success across the globe.In conclusion, the use of social networking provides convenient access for everyone to be better informed about current state affairs. It is being widely used in many parts of the world, not only for personal communication, but also to address publicly political, c ritical or taboo issues, which are not always accessible through traditional media. Social networks had also raised awareness of current political affairs among youngsters, which results has shown that more young people are participating in political issues than years ago when politics has not officially stepped in the media frenzy.Furthermore, even political leaders had actively joined the social media to be able to engage more with the youngsters and modern digital natives. More democratic practices are performed through social media uses. With the ever growing numbers of social network users now able to access, create and distribute information, ideas are spreading faster, pushing the boundaries of freedom of expression and opening up new possibilities for change, reform and better quality of lives. The social network created a avenue for discussion about political issues and has become a potential catalyst for democratisation.References Ashlee Vance. 2012. â€Å"Facebook: The M aking of 1 billion users. † Bloomberg Business week http://www. businessweek. com/articles/2012-10-04/facebook-the-making-of-1-billion-users Dorian Scott Cole. 2010. â€Å"Philosophy of Democracy† Visual Writer http://www. visualwriter. com/WhatKindWorld/philosophy_of_democracy. htm# Greenfield, Patricia M. 2009. â€Å"Technology and Informal Education: What Is Taught, What Is Learned. † Science 323: 69-71. Jennifer Aaker and Victoria Chang. 2009. â€Å"Obama and the power of social media and technology† The

Assignment2 Fin100 - 989 Words

Business Finance and the Capital Structure FIN 100 Strayer University August 4, 2014 Business Financing and the Capital Structure Small business can finance their firms through debt or through equity sources of capital. Debt sources typically include; short or long-term loans from wealthy individuals to banks, while equity sources often include the owner’s wealthy individuals and/or Angel Networks. Venture capital is not a typical source of equity financing for most small business, as these businesses will not have the required growth potential Venture Capitals need to manage their risk return requirements. Explain the process of financial planning used to estimate asset investment requirements for a corporation.†¦show more content†¦Efficiency seeking: Multinational companies may also seek to recognize their overseas holding in response to broader economic changes. For example, the creation of a new free trade agreement among a group of countries may suddenly make a facility located in one of those countries more competitive, because of access for the facility to lower tariff rates within the group. Explain the historical relationships between risk and return for common stock versus corporate bonds. Explain how diversification helps in risk reduction in a portfolio. Support response with actual data and concepts learned in this course. Corporate bonds hold the lowest risk of the two types of investments. The main reason for this is that in the event of bankruptcy, corporate bond holders have a stronger claim to payments than holders of common stock. Common Stock carries the highest risk, because holders are last to be paid in the event of bankruptcy. The risk of investing in a single risky security, such as common stock or corporate bond, is very high due to the company specific risks. Any number of unfortunate events could impact the rate of return. Unsystematic risk can be eliminated by holding a broad portfolio of risky assets; e.g., many different securities in many different industries. The risk that remains after diversifying away unsystematic risk is systematic ri sk. A total stock or bond market fund has systematic risk. This